Islamic Religious Education and Muslim Youth Identity on Social Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Instagram and TikTok Content in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32729/edukasi.v23i3.2158Keywords:
Islamic Religion Education, Muslim Youth Identity, Critical Discourse Analysis, Instagram and Tiktok, IndonesiaAbstract
The rapid growth of digital technology has led to the proliferation of social media platforms, significantly influencing various aspects of life, including the formation of religious identity among Muslim adolescents. This study examines the role of Islamic education in shaping Muslim identity in the digital era through critical discourse analysis. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected from social media content related to Islamic education and identity formation. The analysis focuses on how Islamic educational messages are conveyed, received, and interpreted across digital platforms. The findings indicate that Islamic education plays a crucial role in strengthening religious identity among Muslim youth by fostering a sense of belonging and providing moral guidance amid globalization and modernization. The novelty of this study lies in its examination of the intersection between Islamic education and digital media, highlighting social media’s potential as a strategic tool for disseminating Islamic values and countering radical ideologies. This research underscores the importance of leveraging digital platforms to enhance Islamic teaching effectiveness and contribute to the development of a resilient Muslim identity in the contemporary digital landscape, offering insights for educators, policymakers, and religious leaders in promoting positive religious identity and countering extremist narratives.
ABSTRAK
Munculnya teknologi digital telah menyebabkan proliferasi platform media sosial, yang berdampak signifikan pada berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk pembentukan identitas religius di kalangan remaja Muslim. Penelitian ini menyelidiki dampak pendidikan Islam dalam membentuk identitas Muslim di era digital melalui analisis wacana kritis. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data dikumpulkan dari konten media sosial yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan Islam dan pembentukan identitas. Analisis difokuskan pada bagaimana pesan-pesan pendidikan Islam disampaikan, diterima, dan ditafsirkan di platform media sosial. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pendidikan Islam memainkan peran penting dalam memperkuat identitas religius di kalangan remaja Muslim, memberi mereka rasa keterikatan dan panduan moral di tengah tantangan globalisasi dan modernisasi. Keaslian studi ini terletak pada pemeriksaannya mengenai persimpangan antara pendidikan Islam dan media digital, menekankan potensi media sosial sebagai alat untuk menyebarluaskan nilai-nilai Islam dan melawan ideologi radikal. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya memanfaatkan platform digital untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengajaran Islam, sehingga berkontribusi pada pengembangan identitas Muslim yang tangguh dalam lanskap digital kontemporer. Penelitian ini menawarkan wawasan yang signifikan bagi pendidik, pembuat kebijakan, dan pemimpin agama mengenai penggunaan strategis media sosial dalam mempromosikan identitas religius yang positif dan melawan narasi ekstremis.
Downloads
References
Abidin, C. (2021). Mapping Internet celebrity on TikTok: Exploring attention economies and visibility labour. Cultural Science Journal, 12(1), 77–103. https://doi.org/10.5334/csci.140
Afghani, D. R. (2021). Kreativitas Pembelajaran Daring Untuk Pelajar Sekolah Menengah Dalam Pandemi COVID-19. Journal of Informatics and Vocational Education, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/joive.v3i2.43057
Afifah, N. (2024). Urgensi Pendidikan Karakter Islami Pada Usia Remaja Di Era Digital. Sanaamul Quran: Jurnal Wawasan Keislaman, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.62096/sq.v5i1.64
Bunt, G. R. (2022). Hashtag Islam: How cyber-Islamic environments are transforming religious authority. University of North Carolina Press.
https://doi.org/10.5149/9781469668792_bunt.
Campbell, H. A. (2021). Digital creatives and the reimagining of religious authority.
Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture, 10(1), 1–25.
https://doi.org/10.1163/21659214-bja10027
Campbell, H. A., & Evolvi, G. (2020). Contextualizing current digital religion research on emerging technologies. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.149
Çelebioğlu, E. (2022). Muslim YouTubers in Turkey and the Authoritarian Male Gaze on YouTube. Religions, 13(4), 318. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13040318
Civila, S., & Jaramillo-Dent, D. (2022). #Mixedcouples on TikTok: Performative Hybridization and Identity in the Face of Discrimination. Social Media + Society, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221122464
Douglass, C., Borthwick, A., Lim, M. S. C., Erbas, B., Eren, S., & Higgs, P. (2022a). Social Media and Online Digital Technology Use Among Muslim Young People and Parents: Qualitative Focus Group Study. Jmir Pediatrics and Parenting, 5(2), e36858. https://doi.org/10.2196/36858
Douglass, C., Borthwick, A., Lim, M. S. C., Erbas, B., Eren, S., & Higgs, P. (2022b). Social Media and Online Digital Technology Use Among Muslim Young People and Parents: Qualitative Focus Group Study. Jmir Pediatrics and Parenting, 5(2), e36858. https://doi.org/10.2196/36858
Dozan, W., & Hadi, H. (2020). Religious Community Movement Online: Tracking History and Transformation of Islamic Dakwah in Indonesia. International Journal of Transdisciplinary Knowledge, 1(2), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.31332/ijtk.v1i2.10
Evolvi, G. (2019). Hybrid Muslim identities in digital space: The Italian blogosphere. Social Compass, 66(2), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/0037768619835010
Farkas, J., Schou, J., & Neumayer, C. (2018). Platformed Antagonism: Racist Discourses on Fake Muslim Facebook Pages. Critical Discourse Studies, 15(5), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2018.1450276
Fathurrohman, R., & Rizqi, W. T. (2021). Reorientasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Heutagogia Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.14421/hjie.2021.12-09
Hefni, W. (n.d.). Moderasi Beragama dalam Ruang Digital: Studi Pengarusutamaan Moderasi Beragama di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri Religious Moderation in The Digital Space: Case Study of Mainstreaming Religious Moderation among Islamic Higher Education Institutions. Jurnal Bimas Islam, 13(1).
Hidayat, R., Sholihin, M., & Wanto, D. (2020). The Hijrah Communities and Religious Superficiality: Ideology and Religiosity of the Islamic Hijrah Communities on Social Media. Journal of Population and Social Studies, 29, 118–138. https://doi.org/10.25133/jpssv292021.008
Huda, M., Arif, M., Rahim, M. M. A., & Anshari, M. (2024). Islamic Religious Education Learning Media in the Technology Era: A Systematic Literature Review. At-Tadzkir, 3(2), 83–102. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v3i2.62
Husna, F., Triantoro, D. A., & Nafisah, R. (2022). TikTok Islam: Ekspresi Anak Muda, Media Baru, Dan Kreativitas Di Masa Pandemi. Idarotuna, 4(2), 86. https://doi.org/10.24014/idarotuna.v4i2.18177.
Literat, I., & Kligler-Vilenchik, N. (2021). Youth collective political expression on TikTok. Social Media + Society, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051211008807.
Kosasih, E. (2019). Literasi Media Sosial Dalam Pemasyarakatan Sikap Moderasi Beragama. Jurnal Bimas Islam, 12(2), 263–296. https://doi.org/10.37302/jbi.v12i2.118
Kusumastuti, E., Alviro, M. R., Suryahadi, F. Z., Faza, M. S., Anas, A. A. C., Zaini, A. N., & Hibatullah, A. J. (2024). Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Penggunaan Media Sosial pada Era Society 5.0 untuk Memperkuat Moderasi Beragama. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 1(3), 10. https://doi.org/10.47134/pjpi.v1i3.554.
Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2022). How to do critical discourse analysis (2nd ed.).
SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529770062
Marzuki, M., Santoso, B., & Ghofur, M. A. (2021). Penguatan Peran Pesantren Untuk Membangun Pertahanan Umat Islam Indonesia Di Era Society 5.0. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains Teknologi Dan Inovasi Indonesia (Senastindo), 3, 269–278. https://doi.org/10.54706/senastindo.v3.2021.154
Mustafa, E. A. A. (2023a). The Thirst for Islamic Knowledge in the Digital Era. DMR, 1(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.32678/dmr.v1i1.12
Mustafa, E. A. A. (2023b). The Thirst for Islamic Knowledge in the Digital Era. DMR, 1(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.32678/dmr.v1i1.12
Najmi, H. (2023). Pendidikan Moderasi Beragama dan Implikasinya terhadap Sikap Sosial Peserta Didik. Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Muttaqin, 9(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.37567/al-muttaqin.v9i1.2067
Nurkamiden, U. D. (2021). Kebijakan Pendidikan Di Indonesia Era Pandemi Covid-19. Tadbir Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 9(2), 164–169. https://doi.org/10.30603/tjmpi.v9i2.2264
Nuryana, Z., Wijayati, R. D., Sa’ari, C. Z., Ead, H. A., & Malik, S. (2024). Mapping the Landscape of Inclusive Education in Islamic Educational Contexts. Al-Misbah (Jurnal Islamic Studies), 12(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.26555/almisbah.v12i1.7988
Prasetia, S. A., & Fahmi, M. (2020). Reorientasi, Peran Dan Tantangan Pendidikan Islam Di Tengah Pandemi. Tarbawi, 9(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.36781/tarbawi.v9i1.3128
Priambodo, G. A. (2019). Urgensi Literasi Media Sosial Dalam Menangkal Ancaman Berita Hoax Di Kalangan Remaja Kelurahan Balearjosari Kecamatan Blimbing Kota Malang. Jurnal Civic Hukum, 4(2), 130. https://doi.org/10.22219/jch.v4i2.9165
Rahman, Ilyas, Alwi, Z., & Zailani. (2024). Nikah Muda: The Hijrah Movement of Anti-Dating Communities from Progressive to Conservative in Indonesia (A Critical Study of Hadith). Millah: Journal of Religious Studies, 23(1), 67–102. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.vol23.iss1.art3
Rosyad, A. M., & Ma`arif, M. A. (2020). Paradigma Pendidikan Demokrasi Dan Pendidikan Islam Dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Globalisasi Di Indonesia. Nazhruna Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(1), 75–99. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v3i1.491
Sari, Y., & Prasetya, D. H. (2022). Literasi Media Digital Pada Remaja, Ditengah Pesatnya Perkembangan Media Sosial. Jurnal Dinamika Ilmu Komunikasi, 8(1), 12–25.
Soedjiwo, N. A. F., Entas, D., Suroyo, S., Putra, B. M., Guidi, E., & Karimi, A. (2025). Religious Well-Being and Suicide Ideation in Gunungkidul: Exploring the Pulung Gantung Phenomenon among Javanese Communities. Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion, 10(1), 59-78.
Sugiyono, S., & Khojir, K. (2021). Materi Alat Dan Metode Pembelajaran Dalam Sistem Pendidikan Islam Di Era Digital. El-Buhuth Borneo Journal of Islamic Studies, 125–142. https://doi.org/10.21093/el-buhuth.v4i1.4084
Suhada, D., Ridwan, W., Ahmad, N., Suhartini, A., Ahyani, H., Mutmainah, N., Program, M., Islam, D. P., Gunung, S., Bandung, D., Uin, G. B., Program, D., Islam, D. H., Stitnu, D., Pangandaran, A. F., Stai, D., & Al Zhar Banjar, M. H. (2022). Understanding The Urgence Of Religious Moderate Education In Indonesia Islamic And West Perspective In Responding To Future Challenges (Vol. 7, Issue 1).
Sule, M. M., & Sulaiman, Y. (2021). Enhancing Islamic Da’wah And Spread Of Knowledge Via Social Media Platforms. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 9(1), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v9i1.549.
Suroyo, S., Entas, D., Soedjiwo, N. A. F., Putra, B. M., Soriente, A., & Sibarani, R. (2024). Syair Surat Kapal: The Philosophy of Malay Oral Tradition as Islamic Dawah in Rengat, Riau, Indonesia. Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan, 22(1), 41-68.
Suroyo, S., Fredyarini Soedjiwo, N. A., Entas, D., & Putra, B. M. (2023). Philosophy of Ketupat and Opor: the spreading of islamic preaching through local culinary in Java Island. Culture and Religion, 23(2), 180-204.
Suroyo, S., Putra, B. M., Soedjiwo, N. A. F., & Adnan, F. (2025). Peyek and Social Change: An Analysis of Peyek's Impact on Cultural Identity and Da'wah in Yogyakarta. Journal of Islamic History and Manuscript, 4(1), 83-100.
Suyati, S. (2021). Dampak Media Sosial Terhadap Konflik Di Masyarakat. Jurnal Petik, 7(1), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.31980/jpetik.v7i1.960.
Wodak, R. (2021). Crisis communication and discourse analysis: New approaches. Discourse & Society, 32(1), 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926520956847.
Widjaja, G., Bhattacharya, S., Ma`arif, M. A., & Aslan, A. (2022). Anti-Radicalism Islamic Education Strategy in Islamic Boarding Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Indonesia, 6(2), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.35316/jpii.v6i2.405.
Yilmaz, I., & Shakil, K. (2023). Digital Islamic populism and youth mobilisation.
Politics, Religion & Ideology, 24(2), 217–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2023.2172465.
Yusfiarto, R., Supriani, I., Mutmainah, L., Hamdani, L., Khoirunnisa, A. N., & Ibrahim, M. H. (2024). Enabling Islamic internet-only banks acceptance: an empirical analysis of the UTAUT framework and Islamic compliance. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-02-2022-0057.
Zulli, D., & Zulli, D. J. (2022). Extending the Internet meme: Conceptualizing TikTok memes. New Media & Society, 24(8), 1873–1893. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211066401
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Novena Ade Fredyarini Soedjiwo, Fajri Zulia Ramdhani, Suroyo

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






